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Correct lithium battery usage, are you using it right?

battery

Lithium-ion batteries should pay most attention to the following problems in the process of using them: overcharging problems, over-discharging problems, over-current problems, charging imbalance problems, and ambient temperature affecting the life of the battery. These problems will cause more serious damage to the battery, and may even cause the battery to explode. Therefore, lithium-ion batteries in use to prevent and solve these problems.lithium ion battery assembly

1. Overcharging problems

When the voltage of the lithium-ion battery cell exceeds the specified value, the electrolyte inside the battery will decompose. The decomposition of the electrolyte will cause the battery temperature to rise, reducing the life of the battery, decomposition of serious gases may also cause the battery explosion.

Therefore, lithium-ion batteries must pay great attention to the overcharging problem in the process of use and research and development to avoid safety hazards and waste of resources. When charging, the battery should be equipped with protection facilities. When the voltage exceeds the tolerance value of the battery cell, the protection circuit should automatically cut off the charging circuit, and when the voltage returns to the range that the battery cell can withstand, the protection circuit automatically stops working and normal charging takes place. Different lithium-ion batteries are made of different materials, so the voltage they can withstand is different. When setting the user circuit, it should be done according to the specific battery material.battery cell machine

In addition, when setting the protection circuit, attention should be paid to noise judgment and operation due to errors. When setting the protection circuit, the overcharge protection delay should be set, that is, the voltage exceeds the battery tolerance value for a certain period of time before triggering the protection circuit.

2. Over-discharge problem

The problem of over-discharge will also shorten the life of lithium-ion batteries. It is especially important to note that the damage caused by over-discharge of lithium-ion batteries is irreversible, that is to say, once the battery is damaged by over-discharge, no measures can be taken to restore the battery to a healthy state. In order to properly protect lithium-ion batteries, overdischarge problems must be prevented and a discharge protection device must be installed.prismatic cell assembly When the voltage of the lithium-ion battery is lower than the discharge voltage monitoring point, the discharge protection device will work automatically to terminate the discharge process of the battery.

3. Overcurrent and short-circuit problems

Excessive current problem means that excessive current during discharge also causes damage to the battery, and through this mental damage is likewise an irreversible. Lithium-ion power batteries have a certain limit on the discharge current, when the discharge current can exceed this critical value, the battery life problem will be affected.

Overcurrent protection also requires a time delay of at least a few hundred microseconds to milliseconds to again avoid the effects of misuse on battery life, but there is room for a more accurate delay time as too long a delay time and ineffective protection against overcurrent problems can still cause damage to the battery. A special property of overcurrent problems is the short circuit problem. We see this scenario often in our lives. When we plug in a high-power appliance, it is easy to short-circuit the circuit, which is the damage caused by high-current discharge. Unlike the overcurrent problem, the short-circuit problem has little effect on the time delay of the protection circuit. On the contrary, once a short circuit occurs, the circuit should be cut off immediately, otherwise it will cause serious damage to the battery and appliances.

4. Battery equalization problems

Power lithium-ion batteries sometimes need a few strings, dozens of strings or even hundreds of strings or more, and these batteries may be found in the use of unbalanced conditions. This is because the production of batteries need to go through a lot of procedures, although in the end after a very strict test, but after all, in the production process will produce a variety of differences, after using a period of time, these differences will begin to slowly appear.

At this point, if it is a battery pack composed of multiple batteries, then the capacity of the entire battery pack depends on the capacity of the cell of the worst battery in the entire battery pack. This is the famous barrel theory. In the face of such a problem, the battery should be set up to protect the line, from the higher voltage battery to extract excess power, which can make the whole battery pack more balanced power. There are two commonly used equalization methods: energy storage equalization and resistance equalization.

5. Ambient temperature problem

For the use of rechargeable batteries, the impact of ambient temperature on battery life is often ignored. The specifications of the battery can explain the temperature range of the battery, but in the temperature is too high or too low in the environment, the battery self-discharge rate will be much higher, especially the temperature is too high will greatly reduce the battery life.

Does a cathode exist in a lithium-ion battery?

A cathode (positive electrode), an anode (negative electrode), and an electrolyte conductor are used in lithium-ion batteries. (See BU-104b: Battery Building Block for more information on the cathode and anode of a di charging battery. Both the cathode and the anode are made of porous carbon.