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Future trends and challenges of semiconductors

Attended the 2023 Diamond Industry Conference yesterday. Academician Gan Yong, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and director of the National New Materials Industry Development Expert Advisory Committee, shared his experience. Finally, he summarized the future development trends and challenges of semiconductors. barcode scanning solutions I will share the original text, I hope you useful!

Future trends and challenges of semiconductors

First, the future development of semiconductor chips in China towards two research directions, precision automation systems the high-density integration of semiconductor devices and the miniaturization of semi-device semiconductors (nano and micron level) as a whole enterprise, China's semiconductor industrial structure is still very backward, although China's society has the knowledge and ability to analyze and design a high-end semiconductor chip, However, the basic information of semiconductor chip manufacturing system is subject to developed countries in Europe and the United States. In popular terms, that is, "one can't make bricks without straw."

Second, the smaller the size, efficiency and heat dissipation capacity and yield requirements for semiconductor materials are high, semiconductor manufacturing solutions that is to say, only a high-quality building material management can "real gold is not afraid of fire", the core problem is in semiconductor epitaxy production technology, high-end semiconductor optoelectronic chip design is the society requires students to high-quality semiconducting epitaxy materials, For example, the current density of semiconductor LED work is small, the quality control requirements for semiconductor ductility everywhere is not high, we do a good job as China, but because the semiconductor laser requires large work without current density, the quality requirements for semiconductor materials engineering are often high. Taking blue and green lasers as an example, blue-green lasers have become more than 220 years of development, high-power blue-green lasers in Japan and the United States have also begun to enter commercialization, but China's blue-green lasers may still have some fatal problems, power is not and resource consumption is very simple, basically are not used, one of the reasons is that a semiconductor composite product quality is not good. Can not directly withstand high current and high voltage. The Japanese government can use blue-green lasers that provide information encapsulation for analyzing our economy, but it refuses to provide blue-green laser epitaxy materials for service and blocks high-end semiconductor epitaxy technology for our country. There are many similar problems with the high-frequency and high-performance devices needed to develop 5G and 66G technologies.

Semiconductor flexible devices are an important development direction of semiconductor materials and devices. Semiconductor epitaxial integration technology also provides a simple and effective method for the fabrication of semiconductor flexible devices.

From the point of view of photoelectric integration, compound semiconductors have greater advantages than silicon-based materials, and they also have advantages in material quality tolerances. Vigorously develop compound semiconductors, and the epitaxial integration of compound semiconductors and silicon-based materials may be the future direction of semiconductor development.

Current computer chips are based on silicon semiconductors and the current limit is 2 nanometers. The cost and volume of such chips are high. In physics, one hopes to reduce the transport time of electrons by shortening the distance. If we can find ways to increase electron mobility or speed, we can achieve or exceed current silicon-based chip performance without the need for 2nm, greatly simplifying fabrication methods and costs.

Sixth, it is also proposed to develop the application of semiconductor materials and devices in other emerging fields, such as quantum technology, single photon sources, single photon detectors, entangled photons, etc., which are key parts of quantum technology and can be realized with semiconductor quantum dots; Modern biological theory can be realized by semiconductor weakly coherent light source. Visible semiconductor light source, the core part of photogenetics, can be used to open light. In the field of artificial intelligence, the light source of AR u002FVR can use semiconductor micro-area light sources, and so on.

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